FITNES

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person who is health and beauty conscious. In modern time men and woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality. In many professions particularly in the entertainment field looking fit and healthy is an important factor. Most of the celebrities are quite conscious about the value of their personality particularly in their physical appearance. Earlier the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class but today even a child is quite aware about body fitness and the methods to be adopted to stay fit. In olden times people most of the people were engaged in occupation or work that required physical activities. Today many professions particularly in the IT field physical activities are less when compared to other professions that require physical efforts. Due to the working environment where there are less time and opportunities for exercise people rely on mostly on exercise equipments. In certain companies fitness equipments and work out space are provided for the employees. Apart form the professionals patients also need to do moderate exercise for proper functioning of the body. Fitness equipment plays a great role in exercise for every one. There are several types of fitness equipments that are suitable for people according to their need. The most popularly used fitness equipments are strength training equipment, cardiovascular equipment, abdominal equipments, weights, exercise balls and rowing machines.

Sentences

Simple

Compound

Complex

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person who is health and beauty conscious.

ü

In modern time men and woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality.

ü

In many professions particularly in the entertainment field looking fit and healthy is an important factor.

ü

Most of the celebrities are quite conscious about the value of their personality particularly in their physical appearance.

ü

Earlier the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class but today even a child is quite aware about body fitness and the methods to be adopted to stay fit.

ü

In olden times people most of the people were engaged in occupation or work that required physical activities.

ü

ü

Today many professions particularly in the IT field physical activities are less when compared to other professions that require physical efforts.

ü

Due to the working environment where there are less time and opportunities for exercise people rely on mostly on exercise equipments.

ü

ü

In certain companies fitness equipments and work out space are provided for the employees.

ü

Apart form the professionals patients also need to do moderate exercise for proper functioning of the body.

ü

Fitness equipment plays a great role in exercise for every one.

ü

There are several types of fitness equipments that are suitable for people according to their need.

ü

The most popularly used fitness equipments are strength training equipment, cardiovascular equipment, abdominal equipments, weights, exercise balls and rowing machines.

ü

CLAUSE

Transitive

Intransitive

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person who is health and beauty conscious.

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person

Person who is health and beauty conscious.

In modern time men and woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality.

In modern time men want to have attractive and pleasing personality.In modern time woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality.

In many professions particularly in the entertainment field looking fit and healthy is an important factor.

the entertainment field looking fit and healthy

Most of the celebrities are quite conscious about the value of their personality particularly in their physical appearance.

the celebrities are quite conscious

Earlier the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class but today even a child is quite aware about body fitness and the methods to be adopted to stay fit.

the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class

In olden times people most of the people were engaged in occupation or work that required physical activities.

ü

Today many professions particularly in the IT field physical activities are less when compared to other professions that require physical efforts.

ü

Due to the working environment where there are less time and opportunities for exercise people rely on mostly on exercise equipments.

ü

In certain companies fitness equipments and work out space are provided for the employees.

ü

Apart form the professionals patients also need to do moderate exercise for proper functioning of the body.

ü

Fitness equipment plays a great role in exercise for every one.

ü

There are several types of fitness equipments that are suitable for people according to their need.

ü

The most popularly used fitness equipments are strength training equipment, cardiovascular equipment, abdominal equipments, weights, exercise balls and rowing machines.

ü

PHRASE

N. Phrase

V. Phrase

Adj. Phrase

Adv. Phrase

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person who is health and beauty conscious.

A healthy,

an asset,

a person

who is health and beauty conscious

In modern time men and woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality.

In many professions particularly in the entertainment field looking fit and healthy is an important factor.

the entertainment,

an important factor

Most of the celebrities are quite conscious about the value of their personality particularly in their physical appearance.

the celebrities,

the value

Earlier the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class but today even a child is quite aware about body fitness and the methods to be adopted to stay fit.

the concept,

the methods

In olden times people most of the people were engaged in occupation or work that required physical activities.

Today many professions particularly in the IT field physical activities are less when compared to other professions that require physical efforts.

the IT field physical activities,

Due to the working environment where there are less time and opportunities for exercise people rely on mostly on exercise equipments.

In certain companies fitness equipments and work out space are provided for the employees.

the employees

Apart form the professionals patients also need to do moderate exercise for proper functioning of the body.

the professionals,

the body

Fitness equipment plays a great role in exercise for every one.

There are several types of fitness equipments that are suitable for people according to their need.

The most popularly used fitness equipments are strength training equipment, cardiovascular equipment, abdominal equipments, weights, exercise balls and rowing machines.

The most popularly

most popularly

WORD

Function Word

Class Word

Intersefier

Determiner

Auxiliaries

Preposition

Conjuntion

Articles

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

A healthy and fit body is an asset of a person who is health and beauty conscious.

is

Of,

And

A, and,

Healty, body, asset, person,

Beauty, who,

concious

fit

In modern time men and woman want to have attractive and pleasing personality.

In

And

Modern, time, men, women, personality

Want, have

To, attractive, pleasing,

In many professions particularly in the entertainment field looking fit and healthy is an important factor.

is

In,

and

The, an

Many, professions, entertaiment, field, healty, factor

Looking, is

important

Particularly, fit

Most of the celebrities are quite conscious about the value of their personality particularly in their physical appearance.

Most,

Are,

Of, in

the

Celebrities, value, personality, physical, appearance

Are

Quite, conciuos,their,

About, particularly

Earlier the concept of body or physical fitness was among the elite class but today even a child is quite aware about body fitness and the methods to be adopted to stay fit.

Was, is, be

Of, among

Or, but, even, and

The, a

Concept, body, class, today, child, fitness, methods,

Was, is, adopted, stay

Earlier, elite, quite, aware, to

About, fit

In olden times people most of the people were engaged in occupation or work that required physical activities.

that

in

Or,

Times, people, physical,

Occupation, work,

Olden, engaged, required, activities

Were,

Today many professions particularly in the IT field physical activities are less when compared to other professions that require physical efforts.

that

are

In,

when

The,

Today, professions, IT field physical activities,

Require, efforts,

Many, to, other,

Today, particularly, less, compared,

Due to the working environment where there are less time and opportunities for exercise people rely on mostly on exercise equipments.

are

For, on,

and

Opportunities, exercise, people,

working

Due, environment,

To the, where, there, less time

In certain companies fitness equipments and work out space are provided for the employees.

are

In, for

and

The

Companies, fitness, equipments, space, employees

Work, provided

Certain,

out

Apart form the professionals patients also need to do moderate exercise for proper functioning of the body.

For, of

the

Form, professionals, moderate, exercise, body

Need, to do, functioning

Paients, proper,

Apart, also

Fitness equipment plays a great role in exercise for everyone.

In, for,

A

Fitness, equipment, great, role, exercise, everyone

Plays,

There are several types of fitness equipments that are suitable for people according to their need.

that

Are,

Of, for

Several, fitness, equipments, suitable, people,

need

Their,

There, according, to,

The most popularly used fitness equipments are strength training equipment, cardiovascular equipment, abdominal equipments, weights, exercise balls and rowing machines.

Most,

are

and

The,

Fitness, equipment, strength, equipment, cardiovascular, weghts, exercise, balls, machines

Used, training, rowing

abdominal

A. Judul

Gesekan Luncur Dan Hokum Hook

B. TujuanMengetahui metode nilai koefesien gesek kinetisMenentukan besar nilai konstanta pegas, dengan cara mengukur gaya sesuai konsep hokum hook

C. Alat dan bahan gesekan luncurPapan eksperimenBidang miringBalok gesekanTimbangan KatrolPengantung massaMassa (klip) dan tali (benang)

D. Alat dan bahan hokum hookeEksperimen board (papan eksperimen)Timbangan pegasMass hanger (gantungan massa)Massa

E. Variable-variabelVariabel bebasVariabel terikatVariabel control

F. Teori gesekan luncur

Pada kebanyakan sistem fisis, efek-efek gesekan tidak mudah diprediksi, maupun diukur. Interaksi antara obyek-obyek menyebabka obyek-obyek itu mengalami hambatan gesek satu sama lain yang kelihatan disebabkan oleh keacaka mikroskopis permukaan, dapat juga disebabkan interaksi pada tingkat molecular. Meskipun demikian fenomena belum sepenuhnya dipahami, disana juga ada beberapa sifat gesekan yang berlaku pada kebanyakan material dalam kebanyakan kondisi yang berbeda.

Jika permukaan suatu benda bergesekan dengan permukaan benda lain, maka masing-masing benda akan melakukan gaya gesekan satu terhadap yang lain. Gaya gesekan pada masing-masing benda berlawanan arah dengan gerak relatifnya terhadap benda lain. Gaya gesekan secara otomatis melawan gerak, tidak pernah ia menyokongnya. Gaya gesekan antara dua permukaan yang saling diam satu terhadap yang lain disebut gaya gesekan static (static friction). Gaya gesekan static yang maksimu sama dengan gaya terkecil yang dibutuhkan agar benda mulai bergerak sedangkan gaya yang bekerja antara dua permukaan yang saling bergerak relative disebut gaya gesekan kietik (kinetic friction).

Perbandingan antara besar gaya gesekan static maksimum dengan besar gaya normal disebut koefesien gesekan static antar kedua permukaan tersebut. Jika fs menyatakan besar gaya gesekan statik, maka dapat dituliskan

fs ≤ µsN

perbandingan antara besar gaya gesekan kinetic dengan gaya normal disebut koefesien gesekan kinetic. Jika fk menyatakan besar gaya gesekan kinetic, maka

fk ≤ µk N

Dengan,

fs = gaya gesek static

fk = gaya gesekan kinetic satuan N

µs = koefesien gesek statik

µk = koefesien gesek kinetik

N = besar gaya normal

G. Teori hokum hooke

Jika sebuah gaya diberikan pada benda, seperti batang logam yang digantung vertical, panjang benda berubah. Jika besar perpanjangan ΔL lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan panjang benda, eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa ΔL sebanding dengan berat atau gaya diberikan pada benda. Perbandingan ini dapat dituliskan dalam persamaan:

F = k ΔL

Dengan F menyatakan gaya (atau berat) yang menarik benda, ΔL adalah perubahan panjang benda dan k adalah konstanta pembanding. Persamaan ini sering dinamakan dengan Hokum Hooke. Jika gaya terlalu besar, benda meregang sangat besar dan akhirnya patah dan putus . Batas proporsional adalah batas dimana pertambahan panjang terhadap gaya yang diberikan sampai satu titik. Daerah elastik adalah daerah dari titik awal sampai ke batas elastik sedangkan daerah jika benda direnggangkan melewati batas elastik disebut daerah plastic dimana benda tersebut tidak akan kembali ke panjang awalnya ketika gaya eksternal dilepaskan, tetapi tetap berubah bentuk secara permanen. Perpajangan maksimum dicapai pada titik patah. Gaya maksimum yang dapat diberikan tanpa benda tersebut patah disebut kekuatan ultimat dari materi tersebut. Besarnya pertambahan panjang sebuah benda tidak hanya bergantung pada gaya yang diberikan padanya, tetapi juga pada bentuk materi pembentuk dan dimensinya yaitu factor konstanta k.

Kosep gaya yang telah terdefinisi didalam hokum Newton II yaitu : F = ma ; gaya = massa x percepatan. Dengan menggunakan hukum ini, besar suatu gaya dapat ditentukan dengan mengukur percepatan yang ditimbulkannya pada sebuah benda yang massanya diketahui. Tetapi metode ini kurang praktis, suatu metode yang lebih menguntungkan adalah membandingkann gaya yang tidak diketahui besarnya dengan suatu gaya yang telah diketahui besarnya. Jika kedua gaya tersebut harus sama besar dan berlawanan arah dengan gaya yang telah diketahui besarnya.

Dengan peralatan ini, ada dua metode pengukuran dan pengaplikasian gaya-gaya. Salah satu metode adalah dengan menggantungkan massa-massa yang telah diketahui besarnya.

Suatu benda dengan massa m, ditarik ke bawah oleh gravitasi dengan gaya F = mg dengan g adalah percepatan gravitasi (g = 9,8 m/s2 ke bawah, menuju pusat bumi). Timbangan pegas menyediakan metode kedua untuk mengaplikasikan dan mengukur gaya. Dalam eksperimen ini anda akan menggunakan gaya yang disebabkan oleh massa yang telah terkalibrasi utuk menyelidiki sifat-sifat timkbangan pegas.

H. Prosedur gesekan luncurTimbang massa dari balok gesekan, catat sebagai Mb.Susun peralatan seperti ditunjuk pada gambar 5.1, gunakan built in plumbob untuk memastikan bahwa bidang miring benar-benar datar. Atur posisi katrol supaya tali menjadi sejajar denga bidang miringTambahkan massa (klip penggantung massa) sampai jika kamu berikan dorongan kecil pada balok fesekan untuk memulai gesekannya, balok tersebut akan terus bergerak pada bidang miring dengan kecepatan tetap dan sangat lambat (jika balok akan berhenti maka massa yang kamu gantungkan terlalu besar)Timbanglah hanger beserta massa yang digantungkan tersebut dan catat sebagai M ke dalam table 5. 1Tambahkan massa-massa sebesar 50.100,150,200,250 gram diatas baloki gesekan dan ulangi langkah 1 sampai dengan 4

Massa balok (Mb)

A

B

C

I. Prosedur hokum hookeTempelkan timbangan pegas pada papan eksperimen. usahakan pegas tergantung vertikal di dalam pipa plastik. Pada posisi tanpa pemberat, putarlah zeroing screw yang terletak pada bagian atas timbangan seperti tampak pada gambar 5.2Tempelkan penggaantung massa dan massa 20 gr pada timbangan pegas. Ukurlah pergeseran skala mm seperti pada gambar 5.2, catat nilainya ke dalam table 5.2. usahaka massa dari penggantung (5gr) termasuk ke dalam massa total, sehingga massa totalnya menjadi 20 gr + 5 gr = 25 gr.Dengan menggantung massa-massa yang lain ke dalam penggantug massa, buatlah variasi massa total seperti yang telah tertulis dalam table 5.2. Catat pergeseran yang timbul dari setiap variasi massa.Gunakan rumus F = mg untuk menentukan berat total dalam Newton dari setiap variasi massa yang ada kemudian catat hasilnya ke dalam table 5.2. (untuk memperoleh gaya yang tepat dalam Newton, anda harus mengubah massa dalam kilogram sebelum mengembalikannya ke dalam g).Table 5.2 data- data pengukuran pergeseran pegas

Massa (gram)

Berat

(Newton)

Pergeseran pegas

(mm)

25

50

75

100