Assignment by Rosfita Aguli, From : Agus Lahinta

1.       Look at A opposite. Which type of computer do these descriptions refer to?

• A hand-held computer which be used as a telephone, a web explorer and a personal organizer. (PDA)
• A typical computer found in many businesses and popular for home use. (Desktop PC)
• A large computer used for intensive data processing and often linked to many terminals. (Mainframe)
• A small computer that fits into items of clothing. (Wearable Computer)
• A potable computer that can be closed up like a briefcase, buut it can  be as powerful as a desktopp PC. (Laptop)
• A full-function PC, though it only weighs 1.2 kg – you can go to a meetiing and write your notes on it, like a paper notepad; its screen mode can be changed from portrait to landscape. (Tablet PC)

2.       Look at the computer advertisement and find this information.

• What type of computer is advertised? (Toshiba sattelite)
• What kind of screen does it have? (Widescreen)
• Which pointing device replaces the mouse? (Touchpad)
• What type of ports does it have for connecting cameras and music players? (USB)
• What sort of power supply does it use? (Lithium-ion battery pack)

3.       Read this interview with Adam Hawkins, an IT manager, and complete it with words from the PDA section opposite.

Interviewer : What are the basic features of a PDA?

Adam        : Well, a typical PDA is a (1) Hand-held device that runs on batteries and combines computing, phone and Net capabilities.

Interviewer: And how do you enter information?

Adam         : For input, you use  a (2) Small Keyboard or pen to write and make selection on a (3) Touch creen; they also have buttons for launchiing programs. Some models have a small keyboard. They may have a (4) Voice recognition software system that reacts to the user’s voice.

Interviewer: do they need special software?

Adam        : Yes, most of them run on Windows Mobile. Palmtops suppeted by Palm Inc. use Palm OS. Pen-based systems include (5) Handwriting recognition , so you write on the appropriate letters.

Interviewer: What sort of things can you do with a PDA?

Adam        : You can store personal information, take notes, draw diagrams and make calculations. Many PDAs can acces the Net via (6) Wireless tecnology.

Konsep Binary

Ø  Binary Digit

-          Komputer hanya mengenal angka 0 dan 1

-          0 artinya off bit (bit mati)

-          1 artinya on bit (bit hidup)

Ø  Basis Dua

-          Jika ada 8 bit maka ada kemungkinan, bit memiliki kombinasi 0 semua (00000000)

-          Kombinasi 1 semua (11111111)

-          Atau kombinasi 0 & 1 sebanyak 8 bit,

Contoh :

10101010

-          Karena hanya terdiri dari 2 angka, maka dapat dikatakan bilangan basis dua

-          Tiap-tiap bit dapat direpresentasikan dengan pangkat 0-7 (8 bit)

Biner	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Desimal	128	64	32	16	8	4	2	1
Pangkat	27	26	25	24	23	22	21	20

 

Ø  Penjumlahan biner

Rumus Sederhana :

0 + 0 = 0

0 + 1 = 1

1 + 0 = 1

1 + 1 = 0 dan menyimpan 1

1 + 1 + 1 = 1 dan menyimpan 1

Contoh

1 1111

01011011

01001110 +

-------------

10101001

Ø  Pengurangan Biner

Rumus sederhana :

§  0       – 0 = 0

§  1       – 0 = 1

§  1       – 1 = 0

§  0       – 1 = 1, pinjam 1

Contoh :

1010 = 10

  101 = 5

------

0101

Ø  Perkalian Biner

Rumus sederhana :

– 0 x 0 = 0

– 0 x 1 = 0

– 1 x 0 = 0

– 1 x 1 = 1

Setelah hasil perkalian didapatkan, tambahkan hasil perkalian tersebut

Contoh

    1010

      100 x

    --------

    0000

  0000

1010    +

---------

101000

 

SISTEM KOMPUTER

Sistem komputer adalah elemen-elemen yang terkait untuk menjalankan suatu aktifitas dengan menggunakan komputer.

Ø  Komponen sistem Komputer

Komputerr terbagi 3 bagian :

1.       Hardware ( Perangkat Keras)

2.       Software ( Perangkat Lunak )

3.       Brainware (Perangkat Pikir )

Ø  Komponen Hardware

1.       Central Processing Unit (CPU)

-          Memanipulasi data dan mengendalikan berbagai pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh berbagai komponen lainnya.

-          CPU adalah Microprosesssor terbagi 2 yaitu ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit dan Register.

2.       Penyimpanan primer

-          Register

-          RAM

-          Memori Cacha

-          ROM

3.       Penyimpanan sekunder

-          Media Magnetis : Pita magnetis, cakram magnetis dan antarmuka magnetis.

-          Disket Magnetis.

-          Peralatan Penyimpanan Optis : CD-ROM, DVD, dan FDM-ROM

4.       Teknologi Input

-          Keyboard

-          Mouse

-          Mouse-optic

-          Trackball

-          Papan sentuh

-          Joystick

-          Layar sentuh

-          Pengenal Suara

-          Barcode Reader

5.       Teknologi Output

-          Monitor

-          Printer

-          Proyektor

-          Microform